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Gastrointestinal (GI) diseases are disorders that affect the digestive tract, including the **esophagus, stomach, intestines, liver, gallbladder, and pancreas. These diseases can be acute or chronic and may range from mild discomfort to life-threatening conditions.
Inflammatory diseases occur when the lining of the digestive tract becomes swollen or irritated, such as in gastritis and inflammatory bowel disease (Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis).
Infectious gastrointestinal diseases are caused by bacteria, viruses, parasites, or fungi, such as gastroenteritis and hepatitis A, B, and C.
Functional disorders occur when the digestive system does not function properly, even though no visible structural damage is present.
Structural or mechanical disorders are caused by physical abnormalities or blockages in the digestive tract, such as hiatal hernia, GERD, or diverticulosis.
Neoplastic diseases involve abnormal tissue growth in the digestive system, which may be benign or cancerous, such as colorectal, gastric, or liver cancer.
There are more than 80 recognized autoimmune diseases that affect different parts of the body. Women are more commonly affected than men, accounting for about 75% of cases. In some situations, a person may develop more than one autoimmune disease at the same time, as these conditions can occur together.